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目的分析2010 2014年杭州市拱墅区辖区手足口病的流行特征,为进一步掌握疫情动态,有效防控手足口病发生、开展预警和预测等相关研究提供依据。方法收集整理2010 2014年拱墅区辖区人口、手足口病发病数、聚集性疫情和暴发疫情以及手足口病病原学监测资料,采用描述性流行病学方法对辖区手足口病的三间分布进行分析。结果 2010 2014年拱墅区共报告手足口病2576例,年平均发病率为99.43/10万,报告重症病例1例,无死亡病例,2010 2013年发病较为平稳,2014年增幅较大,上升至182.70/10万;季节性明显,4 7月为高峰,9 10月为次高峰;男女性别比为1.51∶1;发病人群以5岁以下儿童为主,占96.43%,以散居儿童和幼托儿童为主,占97.79%。各街道均有发病,主要集中在城郊结合部,其中祥符街道发病率最高;全区共发生聚集性疫情42起,主要集中在学校和托幼机构,占总数的80.95%;病原学监测显示,优势病原体由2012 2013年其他肠道病毒为主转变为2014年其他肠道病毒和肠道病毒71型共同作用。结论拱墅区手足口病具有周期流行的规律,流行有明显的季节性和人群分布特点,散居和幼托儿童是拱墅区的高发人群,应进一步加强对重点人群和重点场所的手足口病防控,同时在做好日常监测和病原学监测基础上开展疫情风险分析。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Gongshu District of Hangzhou City in 2010-2014, and provide evidence for further controlling the epidemic situation, preventing and controlling hand-foot-mouth disease effectively, and carrying out early warning and forecasting. Methods To collect and sort out the population, hand-foot-mouth disease incidences, cluster outbreaks and outbreaks and the hand-foot-mouth disease etiology monitoring data in Gongshu District in 2010-2014, and to carry out descriptive epidemiological studies on the three distributions of hand-foot-mouth disease analysis. Results A total of 2576 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported in Gongshu District in 2010, with an average annual incidence of 99.43 / 100 000. One case of severe illness was reported and no deaths were reported. The incidence was relatively steady in 2013 and increased significantly in 2014 to 182.70 / 100000; obvious seasonal, peaked in July, October 9 was the second highest peak; male to female ratio was 1.51: 1; incidence of children under 5 years of age, accounting for 96.43% of scattered children and child care Children, accounting for 97.79%. The incidence of all streets, mainly in the suburbs with the Department, including the highest incidence of auspicious streets; a total of 42 cases of concentrated epidemic in the region, mainly in schools and nurseries, accounting for 80.95% of the total; etiological monitoring showed , The predominant pathogen was changed from other enterovirus in 2012 to 2014 and other enterovirus and enterovirus 71 together. Conclusions Hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Gongshu District has the regular pattern of cyclical epidemic. The epidemic has obvious seasonal and crowd distribution characteristics. The diaspora and preschool children are the high incidence population in Gongshu District. HFMD in key population and key places should be further strengthened Prevention and control, and carry out epidemiological risk analysis based on routine monitoring and etiological monitoring.