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目的:探讨Gadd45a和p53在乳腺癌中的表达情况及其与临床病理参数和预后的关系。方法:采用免疫组化法检测78例乳腺癌组织及其癌旁正常组织中Gadd45a和p53的表达。结果:Gadd45a在乳腺癌组织中的阳性表达率为38.4%,明显低于正常乳腺组织,p53在乳腺癌组织中的阳性表达率为65.4%,明显高于正常乳腺组织,差异均具有统计意义(P<0.05);Gadd45a在乳腺癌组织学Ⅰ级组、Ⅱ级组、Ⅲ级组的阳性表达率依次下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);p53在伴有淋巴结转移组中的阳性表达率高于无淋巴结转移组,差异均有统计意义(P<0.05);p53表达与Gadd45a表达呈负相关(P<0.05);Gadd45a阳性组的生存期长于阴性组,生存率高于阴性组,存在统计学差异;p53阳性组的生存期短于阴性组,生存率低于阴性组,存在统计学差异(P<0.05);p53(+)Gadd45a(-)组(即阳性组)中位生存时间短于阴性组,生存率低于阴性组。结论:Gadd45a和p53蛋白的检测可作为乳腺癌恶性程度的检测指标;p53的表达与乳腺癌的转移相关,Gadd45a的表达与乳腺癌的分化分级相关;p53高表达及Gadd45a低表达与乳腺癌的不良预后相关;p53(+)Gadd45a(-)表型与乳腺癌的不良预后相关;Gadd45a蛋白有望成为乳腺癌治疗的新的靶点。
Objective: To investigate the expression of Gadd45a and p53 in breast cancer and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Gadd45a and p53 in 78 cases of breast cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues. Results: The positive rate of Gadd45a in breast cancer tissues was 38.4%, which was significantly lower than that in normal breast tissues. The positive rate of p53 in breast cancer tissues was 65.4%, which was significantly higher than that in normal breast tissues P <0.05). The positive expression rates of Gadd45a in grade Ⅰ, grade Ⅱ and grade Ⅲ of breast cancer tissues decreased in turn, with statistical significance (P <0.05). The positive rate of p53 in patients with lymph node metastasis (P <0.05). The expression of p53 was negatively correlated with the expression of Gadd45a (P <0.05). The survival rate of Gadd45a-positive group was longer than that of negative group, and the survival rate was higher than that of negative group (P <0.05). In the p53 (+) Gadd45a (-) group (ie, the positive group), the survival rate of the p53 positive group was shorter than that of the negative group and the survival rate was lower than that of the negative group Bit survival time shorter than the negative group, survival rate was lower than the negative group. Conclusion: The detection of Gadd45a and p53 protein can be used as the detection index of malignant degree of breast cancer. The expression of p53 is related to the metastasis of breast cancer. The expression of Gadd45a is related to the differentiation and grading of breast cancer. The high expression of p53 and the low expression of Gadd45a Poor prognosis; p53 (+) Gadd45a (-) phenotype is associated with poor prognosis of breast cancer; Gadd45a protein is expected to become a new target for the treatment of breast cancer.