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蛛网膜下腔出血,是常见脑血管病急症之一。其病因有脑动脉瘤、血管畸形、高血压、动脉硬化及血液病导致的非外伤性脑表面或脑底部血管破裂,血液流入蛛网膜下腔。蛛网膜下腔由包裹脑组织的软膜和蛛网膜之间的空隙构成,腔内含有脑脊液。 临床上发病年龄多在35岁～65岁。呈突然发病,剧烈头痛,伴呕吐、嗜睡、昏睡、谵妄、昏迷,少数病人出现抽搐、复视、视力模糊、排尿困难、下肢痛等等,并出现特异性的颈项强直及病理反射。
Subarachnoid hemorrhage is one of the common acute cerebrovascular diseases. The cause of cerebral aneurysms, vascular malformations, hypertension, arteriosclerosis and blood diseases caused by non-traumatic brain surface or bottom of the brain blood vessels rupture, blood flow into the subarachnoid space. The subarachnoid space is composed of a soft membrane surrounding the brain tissue and a space between the arachnoids, which contains cerebrospinal fluid. Clinical onset of age more than 35 years old to 65 years old. A sudden onset, severe headache, vomiting, drowsiness, lethargy, delirium, coma, convulsions in a few patients, diplopia, blurred vision, dysuria, lower extremity pain and so on, and the emergence of specific neck stiffness and pathological reflex.