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目的了解孝感市中心医院儿童呼吸道不可分型流感嗜血杆菌感染现状及耐药性。方法对2010年1月—2012年12月门诊及住院呼吸道感染患儿的呼吸道标本进行细菌培养、菌种鉴定及药敏试验,并对结果进行统计、分析。结果 3573例呼吸道感染患儿共分离出不可分型流感嗜血杆菌105株:氨苄西林对产β-内酰胺酶的NTHi检出率为27.60%,3年产酶率依次为20.8%(5/24)、24.2%(8/33)、33.3%(16/48);NTHi对氯霉素、复方磺胺甲噁唑的耐药率较高,分别为16.19%、44.76%,而对阿奇霉素,二、三代头孢菌素及其复合制剂的敏感性均较高。结论不可分型流感嗜血杆菌的分离率、产酶率有逐年上升的趋势,耐药形势较为严峻,应引起临床高度重视。治疗以阿奇霉素,二、三代头孢菌素及其复合制剂为首选。
Objective To understand the current status and drug resistance of Haemophilus influenzae in children with respiratory tract non-communicable diseases in Xiaogan Central Hospital. Methods Bacterial culture, strain identification and drug susceptibility test were performed on respiratory specimens from outpatients and inpatients with respiratory tract infection from January 2010 to December 2012. The results were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 105 strains of Haemophilus influenzae were isolated from 3573 children with respiratory tract infection. The detection rate of ampicillin was 27.60% for N-lactamases and 20.8% for 3-year ), 24.2% (8/33) and 33.3% (16/48), respectively. The resistance rates of NTHi to chloramphenicol and sulfamethoxazole were 16.19% and 44.76% Third-generation cephalosporins and their combination of high sensitivity. Conclusion The isolation rate and enzyme-producing rate of Haemophilus influenzae with untypeable type have a trend of increasing year by year. The situation of drug resistance is more serious and should be paid more attention in clinic. Azithromycin treatment, second and third generation cephalosporins and their compound preparations for the first choice.