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一粒小麦是普通小麦种质改良的重要资源。为了从一粒小麦中发掘有用基因,选取了100对位于普通小麦(Triticum aestivum,2n=6x=42,AABBDD)A染色体组上的SSR标记,对34份一粒小麦材料进行了遗传多样性分析,并对其进行了白粉病及叶锈病的抗病性鉴定。结果表明,有69对标记在34份一粒小麦上检测出多态性,这些多态性位点包括670个等位变异,每个位点上有3~19个变异,平均每个位点上的变异为10个,位点多态性信息量(PIC)变幅为0.167~0.936,平均为0.694。通过聚类分析,将这些材料分为3个类群。通过对这些材料进行抗病性分析,共鉴定出15份抗小麦白粉病材料,21份抗小麦叶锈病材料,12份兼具白粉病及叶锈病抗性材料。这些研究结果表明:一粒小麦材料中蕴含了丰富的遗传变异,抗病材料丰富,可以作为普通小麦遗传改良的重要基因资源。
A grain of wheat is an important resource for the improvement of common wheat germplasm. In order to find useful genes from a wheat, we selected 100 pairs of SSR markers located on chromosome A of Triticum aestivum (2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD), and analyzed the genetic diversity of 34 wheat cultivars , And its resistance to powdery mildew and leaf rust disease identification. The results showed that there were 69 pairs of markers in 34 wheat samples detected polymorphisms, these polymorphic loci including 670 alleles, each site has 3 to 19 variations, the average of each site The number of polymorphic loci (PIC) varied from 0.167 to 0.936 with an average of 0.694. By cluster analysis, these materials were divided into three groups. Through the analysis of disease resistance of these materials, we identified 15 wheat powdery mildew resistant materials, 21 wheat leaf rust resistant materials and 12 wheat leaf powdery mildew and leaf rust resistant materials. These results show that: a wheat material rich in genetic variation, disease-resistant materials, can be used as an important genetically modified wheat genetic resources.