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转基因作物在全球范围内一直存在着争议。转基因作物经常被提及的比较可能发生的风险主要有两种:一种是健康方面的风险。转基因作物往往是过量地制造某种外源的蛋白质,如果该蛋白质是对人体有害的,当然不宜食用。另一种是生态方面的风险。例如,人们担心转基因作物的基因会“污染”其同种非转基因作物,特别是其野生的亲缘物种。但是风险并不等于实际的危险。转基因作物的风险是可以控制的。拜耳公司正在试验的转基因水稻品种对美国的长粒稻米造成了污染,从而引发了纠纷。这起事件不断提醒我们在进行转基因作物研究的时候要慎之又慎。
Genetically modified crops have been the subject of controversy around the world. There are two main types of potential risks that GM crops are often mentioned: one is a health risk. Genetically modified crops tend to overproduce some exogenous protein, which of course should not be eaten if the protein is harmful to humans. The other is ecological risk. For example, people are concerned that GMO genes “pollute” their own non-GMO crops, especially their wild relatives. However, the risk does not equal the actual danger. The risks of GM crops can be controlled. Disputes are caused by the contamination of the long-grain rice in the United States by the GM rice varieties being tested by Bayer. This incident constantly reminds us to be cautious when conducting research on genetically modified crops.