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目的:选育出丰产、优质、抗病、抗逆且内在质量符合中国药典标准的黄芪良种并研究提出标准化配套栽培技术。方法:应用单株选择法,2003年选择优良单株15株→2004年进行结籽期品鉴试验→2005~2007年进行品系鉴定试验→2008~2010年进行成药期新品系HQZX04-04-01品比试验→2011~2014年对初选新品系HQZX04-04-01进行多点和区域试验及生产示范→2015年4月由甘肃省农作物品种审定委员会定名为“陇芪4号”。结果:选育出的黄芪新品种陇芪4号,经过在甘肃省陇西、岷县、漳县、渭源、定西市安定区等不同生态区3 n试验,鲜芪平均产量708.9 kg/666.7 m2,较对照品种陇芪1号增产31.1%;特/一级品出成率21.5%/30.6%,较对照品种分别提高4.8/5.3个百分点;根腐病病株率和病情指数分别为25.7%/13.5%,较对照品种分别降低2.75/2.17个百分点;内在质量:总灰分4.5%,浸出物41.0%,毛蕊异黄酮0.10%,黄芪甲苷0.076%,分别优于2010版中国药典标准。结论:选育出的陇芪4号丰产、优质、抗病、抗逆且内在质量符合中国药典标准。适宜在海拔1 900~2 400 m,年平均气温5~8℃,年降水量450~550 mm的半干旱及高寒阴湿生态区推广应用。
OBJECTIVE: To breed the astragalus seed of high yield, good quality, disease resistance, resistance and intrinsic quality in line with the standards of Chinese Pharmacopoeia and to propose and standardize the cultivation techniques. Methods: The single plant selection method was used. In 2003, 15 excellent single plants were selected → the tilling test in seedling stage in 2004 → the identification test of strains in 2005 ~ 2007 → the new drug line HQZX04-04-01 in 2008 ~ 2010 Product Ratio Test → Multiple point and area test and production demonstration for new primary line HQZX04-04-01 from 2011 to 2014 → April 2015 Named “Long Qiu 4” by Gansu Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee. Results: The new Astragalus cultivar Longqiang No.4 was tested in 3 n experiments in Longxi, Minxian, Zhangxian, Weiyuan and Anding districts in Dingxi City. The average yield of fresh Astragalus was 708.9 kg / 666.7 m2 , Which was 31.1% higher than the control variety Longqian 1. The yield rate of special / primary products was 21.5% / 30.6%, which was 4.8 / 5.3% higher than that of the control varieties respectively.The rate of diseased plants and disease index of root rot were 25.7% /13.5% respectively, which was 2.75 / 2.17 percentage points lower than that of the control varieties respectively. The internal quality was 4.5% of total ash, 41.0% of extract, 0.1% of calycosin and 0.076% of astragaloside. Conclusion: The Longqian No.4 bred high yield, high quality, disease resistance, resistance and intrinsic quality in line with the Chinese Pharmacopoeia standards. It is suitable for popularization and application in semi-arid and alpine humid and wet areas with an elevation of 1 900-2 400 m, an annual average temperature of 5-8 ° C and an annual precipitation of 450-550 mm.