Soil-boe fungal and oomycetal pathogens cause devastating agricultural losses every year.The abundance and diversity of filamentous eukaryotes in the roots of healthy plants are influenced by root-associated bacteria that protect host plants from disease caused by fungi and oomycetes (Duran et al.,2018).This is the major conclusion published by Duran and her colleagues in the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breading Research.The authors have systematically concluded the importance of microbial inter-kingdom interactions for healthy plant growth by metagenomic profilings and cultivation.