学习是一项双边活动,既有教师的教,又有学生的学。在整个的学习过程中,学生并不是消极的、被动的,他们不是照相机或录音机,不是教师可以任意注入知识的容器,学生是有能动性的人。他们不只是教学的对象,而且是学习实践的主体。教师的教固然重要,但对学生来说毕竟是外因,外因只有通过内因才能起到作用。所以,教学活动必须有学生积极参与,并发挥其主观能动性,才能取得效果。 Learning is a bilateral activity that involves both teacher teaching and student learning. Throughout the learning process, students are not passive and passive. They are not cameras or tape recorders. They are not containers into which teachers can arbitrarily inject knowledge. Students are motivated people. They are not only the object of teaching, but also the main body of study and practice. Teachers’ teaching is important, but it is an external cause to the student after all. External factors can only play a role through internal causes. Therefore, teaching activities must be actively involved in students and give play to their subjective initiative, in order to achieve results.