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目的 调查河北省 1～ 6岁儿童脑性瘫痪的患病情况。方法 对河北省 6县、市以乡镇为单位进行整体抽样 ,对抽取的 41个样本乡 (镇 )全部 1～ 6岁的儿童进行现场诊断和病因调查。结果 共调查 1～ 6岁儿童 95 43 5名儿童。确诊脑瘫患者 171名 ,患病率为 1.77‰。山区县的脑瘫患病率高于平原县 ,男性儿童患病率高于女性。早产和低体重儿的患病率显著高于正常胎龄儿。患病率是正常胎龄儿的 3 0倍 ,出生时胎龄愈小、体重愈轻 ,脑瘫的患病率愈高。经统计分析 ,筛选出 13个有显著意义的因素。早产、低体重、高胆红素血症、缺血缺氧性脑病、窒息、双胎、多胎、肺炎、败血症为脑瘫的高度危险因素。母亲的文化程度、家庭经济情况较好是保护性因素。结论 避免早产 ,减少低体重发生 ,积极预防和治疗新生儿期疾病 ,将会显著的减少脑瘫的发生。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of cerebral palsy in children aged 1 ~ 6 years in Hebei province. Methods Six counties and cities in Hebei Province were sampled by the township as a whole, and all the 41 children (towns) from 1 to 6 years old were sampled and diagnosed in the field and the etiology investigation was conducted. Results A total of 95,435 children aged 1 to 6 years were investigated. 171 diagnosed patients with cerebral palsy, the prevalence was 1.77 ‰. The prevalence of cerebral palsy in mountainous counties was higher than that in plain counties, and the prevalence of male children was higher than that of females. The prevalence of preterm and low birth weight children was significantly higher than that of normal gestational age children. The prevalence is 30 times the normal gestational age, the smaller the gestational age at birth, the heavier the weight, the higher the prevalence of cerebral palsy. After statistical analysis, 13 significant factors were screened out. Preterm birth, low birth weight, hyperbilirubinemia, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, asphyxia, twin, multiple births, pneumonia and septicemia are the high risk factors of cerebral palsy. Mother’s educational level, the family economy is better protective factors. Conclusion Preventing premature delivery, reducing the occurrence of low body weight, and actively preventing and treating neonatal diseases will significantly reduce the occurrence of cerebral palsy.