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婴儿期的营养和生长发育由于与生命后期代谢性疾病有潜在关联而成为新近关注的重点。流行病学调查表明母乳具有防止生命后期肥胖的保护作用。母乳是多种激素和生长因子的来源,包括脂肪因子(瘦素和脂联素)、胰岛素样生长因子和表皮生长因子等,可调节食物摄入和能量平衡,而这些激素类物质在配方奶粉中并不存在。婴儿超重和肥胖多是由于能量平衡改变而引发的症状,因此营养研究的主要关注点之一是理解与能量平衡调节相关的母乳激素对婴儿生长发育的作用模式。本文对与生长发育相关的人乳激素研究进行了总结,以强调促进母乳喂养对生命健康的重要意义。
Nutrition and growth in infancy have become the focus of recent attention because of their potential association with metabolic diseases later in life. Epidemiological studies have shown that breast milk has the protective effect of preventing obesity in later life. Breast milk is a source of a variety of hormones and growth factors, including adipokines (leptin and adiponectin), insulin-like growth factor and epidermal growth factor, which regulate food intake and energy balance, and these hormones in formula milk In does not exist. Infants overweight and obesity are mostly symptoms of changes in energy balance. Therefore, one of the main concerns in nutrition research is to understand the mode of action of breast-feeding hormone on infant growth and development in relation to the regulation of energy balance. This article summarizes the studies of human lactalbumin related to growth and development to emphasize the importance of promoting breastfeeding for the health of people.