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中国是世界铁矿石第一大进口国,石油第二大进口国,但中国这个大买家却对这些大宗原材料的定价基本没有发言权。去年由于国际油价高涨,中国多支出了40至80亿美元,今年铁矿石价格狂涨了71.5%,这将侵蚀中国钢铁行业三成左右利润。国际铁矿石和原油价格轮番猛涨,使得大宗商品的国际定价权再次成为内地媒体热议的焦点。需求巨大但却没有掌握大宗原材料市场竞争的定价权,这一现象已开始威肋到中国经济金融战略的安全。中国高层已认识到这个问题的严重性,开始从总体上、全局上对该问题进行战略应对,建立大宗原材料国际战略,构建对全球大宗原材料市场的“影响力体系”,通过发展期货市场等多种手段来争取大宗原材料国际定价权。
China is the world’s largest importer of iron ore and the second largest importer of oil, but China’s big buyer has little say in the pricing of these bulk raw materials. Last year, due to the high international oil prices, China has spent more than US$4.0 billion to US$8 billion. This year, iron ore prices have soared by 71.5%, which will erode the profits of China’s steel industry by about 30%. The international iron ore and crude oil prices surged rapidly, making the international pricing power of commodities once again become the focus of the media in the mainland. The phenomenon of huge demand but lack of pricing power to compete in the bulk raw materials market has begun to threaten the security of China’s economic and financial strategy. China’s top management has recognized the seriousness of this issue, began to respond strategically to the overall situation and the overall situation, established an international strategy for bulk raw materials, and built an “influence system” for the global bulk raw material market, through the development of futures markets, etc. It is a means to fight for the international pricing power of bulk raw materials.