学位是由高等学校或国家授予的表明专门人才专业知识水平的称号。现代学位有学士,硕士、博士三个等级。(有的国家或高等学校只设其中一级或两级) 在古汉语中,“学士”的原义是指学者或官名,“硕士”是指品节高尚、学问渊博之士,“博士”在我国古代是指学官名或专精一艺的职官名。而现代意义的学位起源于欧洲中世纪大学。在八百多年前,欧洲最古老的意大利波伦亚大学的教师,即有博士称号,而法国巴黎大学的教师则称为硕士;稍后,英国的牛津大学也流行硕士头衔。当时,博士、硕士与教授三 Degree is awarded by the institutions of higher learning or state professional expertise that the title of expertise. Modern degree Bachelor, master, doctor three levels. (In some countries or institutes of higher education there are only one or two of them.) In ancient Chinese, the meaning of “bachelor” refers to a scholar or official, and “master’s” refers to those who have high moral standards and profound knowledge. "In ancient China refers to the name of the official or a professional officer. The modern meaning of the degree originated in the European medieval university. Eight hundred years ago, the oldest teacher in Europe’s University of Bologna, Italy, had the title of doctor, while the teachers at Paris University in France were called masters. Later, the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom also had a master’s degree. At that time, PhD, master and professor three