论文部分内容阅读
据2013年5月13日苏冠男[Biomaterials,2013,34(24):5897-5906]报道,中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所戴建武研究组成功利用三维培养,将皮肤成纤维细胞变成神经干细胞。2006年,山中伸弥利用逆转录病毒转基因的方法实现体细胞重编程,产生诱导性多能干细胞(iPS细胞),开创了基因调控细胞重编程的全新领域。随后大量研究表明,不同基因的联合应用可以诱导体细胞向多种类型细胞转变,如心肌细胞、神经元细胞、神经干细胞、血液祖细胞、胰岛细胞等。这些转分化研究都是通过病毒转染、整合、基因过表达等手段调节细胞命运的,寻找更为安全的转分化方法是重编程技术临床应用亟待解决的重要问题。
According to a report by Biomaterials 2013, 34 (24): 5897-5906 on May 13, 2013, Dai Jianwu, a research institute of the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, successfully used three-dimensional culture to transform dermal fibroblasts into neural stem cells . In 2006, Yamanaka Yamanaka reprogrammed somatic cells using retroviral transgenes to generate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells), creating a whole new field of gene-regulated cell reprogramming. Subsequent research shows that the combination of different genes can induce somatic cells to many types of cells such as cardiomyocytes, neurons, neural stem cells, blood progenitor cells, islet cells and so on. All of these transdifferentiation studies regulate cell fate by means of virus transfection, integration and gene overexpression. Looking for a safer transdifferentiation method is an important issue to be urgently solved in the clinical application of reprogramming technology.