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目的了解住院恶性肿瘤患者医院感染的分布特点,为有效预防与控制提供参考依据。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,对某医院住院恶性肿瘤患者医院感染临床分布特点进行前瞻性调查与分析,提出有效防控措施。结果该医院2013年度共收治恶性肿瘤患者24 885例,发生医院感染139例,感染率为0.56%。感染发生部位居前3位的分别是呼吸道、手术切口和血液相关感染,构成比依次为46.04%、23.74%和14.39%。感染病例主要集中在肿瘤内外科和重症监护室(ICU)。感染患者送检病原学标本检出的病原菌居前3位分别是大肠埃希菌、白色假丝酵母菌和肺炎克雷伯菌。结论该医院住院恶性肿瘤患者医院感染主要发生在内外科和ICU,有效控制抗菌药物的使用和加强各种插管留置中无菌操作和消毒隔离是防控的重点措施。
Objective To understand the distribution of nosocomial infections in hospitalized patients with malignant tumors and provide reference for effective prevention and control. Methods A prospective study was conducted to prospectively investigate and analyze the clinical distribution of nosocomial infections in hospitalized patients with malignant tumors in hospitals and put forward effective prevention and control measures. Results A total of 24 885 patients with malignant tumors were admitted to the hospital in 2013, and 139 were hospitalized with infection rate of 0.56%. Infections occurred in the top three were respiratory tract, surgical incision and blood-related infections, the constituent ratios were 46.04%, 23.74% and 14.39%. Infection cases are mainly concentrated in oncology and intensive care unit (ICU). Infected patients sent for etiological specimens detected in the top three pathogens are Escherichia coli, Candida albicans and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Conclusions The nosocomial infection of hospitalized patients with malignant tumor mainly occurs in the surgical department and the ICU. Effective control of the use of antimicrobial agents and aseptic sterilization and isolation of various intubation indwelling are the key measures for prevention and control.