心跳骤停,发病急剧,病情凶险。一般包括心室停顿、心室纤颤、心血管虚脱或称心脏电-机械分离。以上3型均出现昏迷,呼吸停止,脉搏消失,瞳孔散大,病人处于死亡边缘。目前,国内外心跳骤停抢救成功率仍不理想,在25%左右,远期存活率更低。本文对心跳骤停的原因、临床表现、紧急处理讨论如下。骤停原因一、器质性心脏病:冠心病,风心病,急性心肌炎较常见,多发生于严重心律失常的基础上。二、意外事件:电击伤、雷击伤、溺水、自缢、窒息、麻醉过量等。三、药物中毒或过敏:如奎尼丁、洋地黄、依米丁、酒石酸锑钾、巴比妥、有机磷中毒等;青霉素或某些血清制剂过敏。四、电解质与酸硷平衡失调:严重高血钾症、低血钾症及酸中毒。 Cardiac arrest, rapid onset, dangerous condition. Generally includes ventricular pause, ventricular fibrillation, cardiovascular collapse or cardiac electrical - mechanical separation. More than 3 were coma, respiratory arrest, pulse disappeared, mydriasis, the patient is at the edge of death. At present, the success rate of cardiac arrest at home and abroad is still not satisfactory, and at around 25%, the long-term survival rate is lower. This article on the reasons for cardiac arrest, clinical manifestations, emergency treatment discussed below. Reason for a sudden, organic heart disease: coronary heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, acute myocarditis is more common, occurred in the basis of serious arrhythmia. Second, the accident: electric injury, lightning injuries, drowning, self-esteem, suffocation, such as excessive anesthesia. Third, drug poisoning or allergies: such as quinidine, digitalis, according to Midin, antimony potassium tartrate, barbiturate, organophosphate poisoning; penicillin or some serum allergies. Fourth, electrolyte and acid-base balance disorders: severe hyperkalemia, hypokalemia and acidosis.