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胶质母细胞瘤Glioblastoma（GBM）可以分为原发性和继发性两种。这两种肿瘤的病理组织学改变在光学显微镜下很难区分,但在发生、发展、临床表现及预后均有显著差异。原发性GBM特征性分子遗传学改变是EGFR基因的扩增、10号染色体杂合性的缺失,多数伴有PTEN的突变、P16INK4a杂合性的缺失及MDM2的扩增。继发性GBM特征性的分子遗传学改变为P53基因突变和染色体17p杂合性的缺失,大多数也存在10q、19q杂合性丢失。
Glioblastoma (GBM) can be divided into primary and secondary. The histopathological changes of these two tumors are difficult to distinguish under the light microscope, but in the occurrence, development, clinical manifestations and prognosis were significantly different. The molecular genetic changes of primary GBM are the amplification of EGFR gene, the loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 10, the majority accompanied by the mutation of PTEN, the loss of P16INK4a heterozygosity and the amplification of MDM2. Secondary GBM characteristic molecular genetic changes for P53 gene mutation and chromosome 17p loss of heterozygosity, most also exist 10q, 19q loss of heterozygosity.