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以军队驻屯边关民族地区是明代中央政府治理边疆、强化国家统一意识的基本方略,明初在贵州南部民族地区腹地建立都匀卫是上述方略的具体体现。都匀卫建于明初洪武二十三年(1390),这是一个以布依族为主体包括部分苗族、水族和汉族等多民族聚居的地区,这里经济文化相对落后而民族关系及其矛盾相对复杂,即便在明朝于弘治七年(1494)建立都匀府接管民政等方面的职责任务后,都匀卫在一定程度上仍然扮演着重要的社会治理角色。至清朝康熙十一年(1672)中央政府裁撤都匀卫设立都匀县止,它经历明清两朝共计282年。本文从其建置沿革、管辖范围和社会治理等方面进行研究,对于我们深入了解明代利用军队驻屯边关实现社会治理具有十分重要的意义。
The military strategy of stationing the ethnic areas along the border with the army in the border area is the basic strategy of the government of the Ming Dynasty to govern the frontier and to strengthen the awareness of national reunification. The establishment of Duyunwei in the hinterland of the southern Guizhou in the early Ming Dynasty is a concrete manifestation of the above strategy. Duyun Wei built in the early Ming Dynasty Hongwu twenty-three years (1390), which is a mainly Buyi, including part of the Miao, Aquarium and the Han nationality and other areas inhabited by the relative economic and cultural backward here and ethnic relations and their contradictions relative Even though Duyunwei still played an important social governance role to some extent even after the Duyun government took over responsibility for the establishment of Duyun House in the first seven years of the Hongzhi reign in 1494 (the Ming Dynasty). To the eleventh year of the Qing Emperor Kangxi (1672) the Central Government abolished Duyun Wei Duyun stop, it experienced a total of 282 years of Ming and Qing dynasties. This article from the history of its establishment, jurisdiction and social governance and other aspects of research, for our in-depth understanding of the Ming Dynasty to use the military to the border to achieve social governance is of great significance.