由剑桥大学带领的一支研究团队发现了一种具有金属-绝缘体特性的单一材料。这种奇特的特性在低温时能够发生,对于目前人们对金属行为的理解有非常大的挑战,表明了一种全新的绝缘态的存在。这种单一材料可同时表现出导体和绝缘体的特性,电子可以在导体中自由地流动,而它们又被束缚在绝缘体的某一个位置。橡胶、玻璃等是最典型的绝缘材料,会阻止电子的流动。同时,金属又是一种典型的导体,其中电子可以自由流动。该研究小组发现,在同一时刻,当温度足够低时,这种单一材料可以同时表 A research team led by the University of Cambridge discovered a single material with metal-insulator properties. This peculiar feature can occur at low temperatures, presenting a very big challenge to people’s understanding of metal behavior at the moment, suggesting a completely new state of insulation. This single material can exhibit the characteristics of both conductors and insulators, the electrons can flow freely in the conductor, and they are bound in a certain position on the insulator. Rubber, glass, etc. are the most typical insulating materials that will stop the flow of electrons. At the same time, metal is again a typical conductor in which electrons can flow freely. The team found that at the same time, when the temperature is low enough, this single material can be simultaneously