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目的了解鞍山地区流感病毒活动规律,为鞍山地区流感防控工作提供科学依据。方法样品先进行实时定量PCR(real-time PCR)检测,阳性样品再进行分型鉴定,最后用MDCK细胞分离毒株。结果在2009年-2013年共检测了5 368份咽拭子标本,流感病毒阳性样本数为229份,总阳性率为4.27%,其中2009年流感病毒以新甲型H1N1为主,阳性率为16.29%,呈现一个明显的流行高峰;而2010年、2011年流感病毒阳性率明显下降,分别为1.56%、0.88%;2012年、2013年流感病毒阳性率又上升至3.25%、2.80%,且都以甲型流感病毒为主。结论鞍山地区在2009年出现了新甲型H1N1流感病毒的流行高峰,2010年、2011年流感毒株的检出明显下降,这可能是流行高峰期过后,人们对流感病毒有一定的免疫力,随着毒株不断变异又可能出现新的流行高峰。在2012年、2013年流感病毒又呈现明显上升的趋势,且新甲H1N1的数量明显增加,到2013年底流感病毒呈现全部以新甲型H1N1流行的趋势,提示鞍山流感的防控重点是新甲型H1N1流感病毒。
Objective To understand the regularity of influenza virus activity in Anshan and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of influenza in Anshan. Methods Samples were detected by real-time PCR (real-time PCR), positive samples and then type identification, and finally with MDCK cells isolated strains. Results A total of 5 368 throat swabs were detected from 2009 to 2013. The positive number of influenza viruses was 229 and the total positive rate was 4.27%. Among them, the influenza A virus was mainly H1N1 in 2009 with a positive rate of 16.29%, showing a significant peak of the epidemic; and in 2010 and 2011, the positive rate of influenza virus decreased significantly (1.56% and 0.88% respectively); in 2012 and 2013, the positive rate of influenza virus increased again to 3.25% and 2.80% Influenza A virus are the main. Conclusion The epidemic peak of new influenza A (H1N1) virus emerged in Anshan in 2009, and the detection of influenza strains was significantly reduced in 2010 and 2011. This may be due to the fact that people have some immunity to the influenza virus after the peak period of epidemics, As the strains continue to mutate, there may be new epidemic peaks. In 2012 and 2013, the number of influenza viruses showed a clear upward trend and the number of new H1N1 viruses increased markedly. By the end of 2013, the influenza virus had been prevalent in all new influenza A (H1N1) viruses, suggesting that the focus of prevention and control of new influenza A H1N1 influenza virus.