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目的了解嘉兴市老年人法定报告传染病发病情况,为传染病防控提供依据。方法对2004-2013年60岁及以上人群法定传染病疫情描述性分析,采用Excel 2010和SPSS 17.0软件统计分析,率的比较用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果近十年全市报告老年人传染病23种23 555例,年均发病率377.17/10万,年发病水平下降缓慢,其他感染性腹泻病、肺结核、梅毒、病毒性肝炎、淋病和细菌性痢疾位居前6位;85岁及以上年龄组总发病率最高;农民和离退人员病例为主,分别占57.34%和30.24%;总发病率男性高于女性(χ2=2 239.15,P<0.001)。结论老年人是传染病防控重点人群,其他感染性腹泻病、肺结核、梅毒、病毒性肝炎、淋病和细菌性痢疾为防控重点。建议加强健康知识教育,增加社区健康体检必检项目,强化成人免疫接种等卫生学管理措施。
Objective To understand the statutory report on the incidence of infectious diseases among the elderly in Jiaxing and provide the basis for the prevention and control of infectious diseases. Methods The epidemiological analysis of notifiable infectious diseases in people aged 60 years and over in 2004-2013 was analyzed by Excel 2010 and SPSS 17.0 software. The rates were compared byχ2 test, P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results In the past ten years, 23 555 cases of 23 infectious diseases of the elderly have been reported in the city, with an average annual incidence of 377.17 / 100 000. The annual incidence rate has been slowed down. Other infectious diarrhea, tuberculosis, syphilis, viral hepatitis, gonorrhea and bacillary dysentery The highest incidence was found in the age group of 85 and over. The cases of peasants and returning workers were the most common, accounting for 57.34% and 30.24% respectively. The overall incidence was higher in males than females (χ2 = 2 239.15, P <0.001) ). Conclusion The elderly are the key population of communicable disease prevention and control. Other infectious diarrhea, tuberculosis, syphilis, viral hepatitis, gonorrhea and bacillary dysentery are the key points of prevention and control. It is suggested to strengthen the education of health knowledge, increase the community health checkup items, and strengthen hygiene management measures such as adult immunization.