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目的 探讨X线数字断层融合(digital tomosy nthesis,DTS)成像在胫骨平台骨折Schatzker分型诊断中的价值.方法 2015年1至6月收治的术前行患侧膝关节冠状位DTS成像和正侧位数字X线摄影(digital radiography,DR)检查的胫骨平台骨折患者43例.由两名放射诊断医生阅读X线片,每位读片者独立并连续地对每例患者的膝关节正侧位DR和DTS影像进行Schatzker分型,经过汇总,对结果不一致的分型进行讨论并给出一致的结果.分别记录两种方法的阅片结果,将两种检查方法的分型结果与术中分型结果进行比较,评估其一致性.结果 15例患者因其他合并损伤、摄片质量不符合要求被排除,28例患者纳入研究,男14例,女14例;年龄25～76岁,平均48.5岁.采用DR对胫骨平台骨折进行Schatzker分型,19例骨折分型结果与术中分型相符,9例不相符;采用DTS成像对胫骨平台骨折进行Schatzker分型,26例骨折分型结果与术中分型相符,2例不符;以术中分型为金标准,两种摄影技术对胫骨平台骨折Schatzker分型判断的准确率分别为68％和93％,差异有统计学意义(x2=5.143,P=0.016).2例患者两种成像方式的分型结果均与术中分型不符.采用DR影像进行判读,6例患者的骨折严重性受到低估,1例患者的外侧胫骨平台塌陷性骨折被漏诊.DR和DTS成像分型结果与术中分型的一致性分别为中度和高度一致(Kappa系数分别为0.604和0.908).结论 采用DR对胫骨平台骨折进行Schatzker分型,外侧胫骨平台塌陷性骨折及外侧平台劈裂性骨折容易漏诊和误诊,采用DTS成像可以获得更高的准确率.“,”Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of digital tomosynthesis in Schatzker classification of tibial plateau fractures.Methods A total of 43 patients with tibial plateau fractures who had underwent injured knee joints coronal tomosynthesis examinations and as well as digital radiography (DR) examinations including anteroposterior and lateral positions before the surgery were selected from January to June 2015.The imaging evaluation was performed by two diagnostic radiologists independently.Each radiologist consecutively performed Schatzker classification of the DR and tomosynthesis images of the knees of each patient.The consistent Schatzker classification results were finally given,while the inconsistent classification results were discussed.Recording the reading results of two methods and comparing the classification results of two methods with the subsequent intra-operative classification results,evaluating their consistency.Results Twenty-eight patients were included with 14 males and 14 females.The age ranged from 25 to 76 years old with an average of 48.5 years.Fifteen patients were excluded due to combined injuries and the low quality of imaging.Schatzker classification of tibial plateau fractures was performed with DR images,19 cases of fracture classification results were consistent with intra-operative classification,and 9 cases were inconsistent.Twenty-six cases of fracture classification results were consistent with intra-operative classification based on tomosynthesis images but 2 cases with inconsistent results.Intra-operative findings for each fracture were used as the gold standard for classification.The accuracy of the Schatzker classification for tibial plateau fractures were 68％ and 93％ in the two imaging techniques with significant difference (x2=5.143,P=0.016),respectively.The classification results of two imaging methods in 2 patients were both inconsistent with intra-operative classification.The fracture severity of 6 patients was underestimated when using DR images for interpretation,while 1 patient had a missed diagnosis of the lateral tibial plateau collapsed fracture.The consistency between the classification results of DR images as well as classification results of tomosynthesis images and intra-operative typing were moderately and highly consistent,respectively (Kappa coefficient were 0.604 and 0.908,respectively).Conclusion Schatzker classification of tibial plateau fractures was performed with DR images,the lateral tibial plateau collapsed fracture and the lateral plateau splitting fracture could be easily missed or misdiagnosed.However,tomosynthesis imaging could provide a higher accuracy.