在工业建筑中,就其受力形式不同,砖墙可分为承重墙和承自重墙两大类。除极少数小型单层和多层厂房采用砖墙承重外,多数大、中型单层和多层厂房是靠排架或框架结构承重。砖墙则作为承自重墙,成为围护结构,起着与外界环境隔绝和遮风挡雨的作用。因此,其构造类型是否经济合理,一般很少引起人们的研究兴趣。事实上,在具体的工程设计中,尤其在单层厂房建筑中,承自重砖外墙的选型也直接影响着厂房建筑的技术经济合理性。按照我国现行的《厂房建筑统一化基本规则》(TJ6-74)(以下简称《规则》)的有关规定,“在无吊车的厂房(包括有悬挂吊 In industrial buildings, the brick walls can be divided into two major categories: load-bearing walls and load-bearing walls. Except for a small number of small-scale single-storey and multi-storey factory buildings that use brick wall bearing, most large and medium-sized single-storey and multi-storey factory buildings are supported by bent or frame structures. The brick wall is used as a self-retaining wall and becomes an enclosing structure, which plays a role in isolating the external environment and sheltering wind and rain. Therefore, whether or not the type of structure is economically reasonable rarely causes people’s research interest. In fact, in the specific engineering design, especially in the single-storey factory building, the selection of self-weight brick outer wall directly affects the technical and economical rationality of the plant building. In accordance with the relevant provisions of China’s current “Basic Rules for the Unifiedization of Plant Buildings” (TJ6-74) (hereinafter referred to as the “Rules”), "In the factory without cranes (including suspension cranes)