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通过运用资产专用性、不确定性程度和交易频率三大交易维度,以及既定制度环境下的交换成本分析框架,分析集体林权制度主体改革后林农合作形式多样性选择的问题。结果表明,交易特性和费用是决定林农合作形式选择多样化的重要因素,以木材产品涉及的交易具有资产专用性强、不确定性高和交易频率低的特点,不同的林农合作形式具有不同的适应性。当前林农合作组织的发展应根据林农的选择和林产品类型,实施多样化的发展取向,政府则侧重提供保障制度空间,并从森林培育与营林技术的农村推广、农村森林经营方案的编制和林农合作组织森林保险制度的建设着手,降低森林经营固有的特性引起的交易费用。
By using the three transaction dimensions of asset specificity, uncertainty degree and trading frequency, and the exchange cost analysis framework in a given institutional environment, this paper analyzes the issue of the diversity of forms of forest and agricultural cooperation after the reform of the main body of collective forest rights. The results show that the transaction characteristics and costs are the important factors that determine the diversification of the forms of forest farmers ’cooperation. The transactions involving wood products are characterized by strong asset specificity, high uncertainty and low transaction frequency. Different forms of forest farmers’ cooperation have different Adaptability. At present, the development of FFCs should be based on the choice of forest farmers and the type of forest products, and diversified development orientation should be adopted. The government should focus on providing space for safeguarding the system and from rural promotion of forest cultivation and forestry technology, preparation of rural forest management schemes and The establishment of the forest insurance system of the FFCO will reduce the transaction costs caused by the inherent characteristics of forest management.