Microfluidic and nanofluidic methods developed primarily for medical applications have much to offer the energy sector.This talk will describe my groups recent work in (i) advancing renewable energy and (ii) understanding and mitigating the impacts of current oil and gas processes.Within the renewable energy theme, we are developing photobioreactor architectures that leverage optics and microfluidics to screen light, CO2 and nutrient conditions for maximum photosynthetic productivity in algae, and expanding those methods to assess multi-variable environmental impacts of climate change.For current oil and gas processes, we are developing a suite of methods to study pore-scale transport and reactivity, and relevant fluid properties for applications in carbon sequestration, enhanced oil recovery, and hydraulic fracturing.