Aerodynamic airfoil optimization plays a crucial role in aircraft design.However,useful parameterizations of airfoil shapes for engineering models often result in high-dimensional design variables,which can create challenges for both local and global optimizers due to large solution space.As the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are ttgenerally time-consuming,the optimization process is even difficult to achieve when the high-order geometry parameterization is required for practical delicate design.