公交微环境内乘客臭氧暴露与扩散问题的模拟研究

来源 :2017年世界交通运输大会 | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:ytfeng
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  随着生态城市建设及绿色交通深入发展,城市公共交通发展的长效机制正在完善,城市公共交通服务水平不断提高。作为通勤者重要的载体,公交内污染物的研究和标准制订均还处于起步阶段。污染物暴露下公交微环境内乘客健康与舒适性亟待关注。目前,臭氧已取代颗粒物成为空气质量首要污染。公交微环境臭氧污染已不容忽视。本文建模并使用Fluent 软件数值模拟公交微环境中臭氧及其前体污染物扩散分布,并结合暴露评价相关参数,使用CFD-post 软件创建暴露评价短时日均ADD 值(Average Daily Doses)。动态监测并分析了现行污染源浓度、车体辐射传热、空调通风条件下公交微环境中温度、气流速度、湍动能,臭氧的扩散、聚集特点,不同年龄段乘客暴露剂量差异及空间几何分布。并从车门开启关闭时长对流场的影响、臭氧及其前体物化学反应,宏观及微观因素两种层面分析了其对车内臭氧扩散分布、聚集沉降及浓度增减的影响。最终通过改进公交空调布设,进而改善微环境空气流动状态,获得符合空气质量品质与乘客健康舒适度的乘车环境。
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