Aqueous Environments during Mars First Billion Years

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  The last decade of high resolution orbital imaging spectroscopy and rover exploration of Mars has revealed nearly a dozen distinct aqueous, potentially habitable environments, ranging from lacustrine to hydrothermal to weathering preserved in the rock record of early Mars and identified by diverse secondary minerals and rock textures.These environments varied in space and time and do not necessarily imply a continually warm early Mars, but rather a warm and wet subsurface with punctuated periods of more clement conditions that allowed liquid water availability at the cold surface.New chemical, mineralogical, and isotopic clues to the history of Mars will be discussed.
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