As one subversive Information Technology(IT)change following cloud computing and Internet of Things,Big Data has gained wide attention from academia and business circles.Many enterprises have turned to Big Data as a way to get anticipative performance increase and improve enterprise competitiveness.But would enterprises Big Data application enhance performance significantly and instantly? This study takes 70 listed companies in Shenzhen and Shanghai Stock Exchange having invested Big Data(Massive Data)application for the period of 2002-2014 as samples,and estimates the performance change with Wilcoxon rank sum test and panel data analysis.The results confirm that both operational performance and profit performance in domestic enterprises come down slightly in both the current year and the first year after implementing Big Data project.However,partial performance indicators increase significantly in the second year,the operational capability,profitability and growth capability were also improved.The reasons of short-term performance depression after implementing Big Data projects are probably the huge investment at the early stage and the short-term adjustments to match Big Data application with enterprise structure,business process and organizational culture.