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明代中叶,是我国封建生产关系走向衰落,资本主义因素萌芽的重要历史阶段。商品经济在整个社会经济中的比重有所提高,是这个历史阶段的显著标志。为适应经济关系的这种变化,统治集团不得不采取一系列新的政治、经济措施,以维护和巩固封建统治。嘉靖、万历年间盛极一时的“召商买办”制度,便是在商品经济空前活跃的情况下,封建统治者采取的一项经济措施。研究这一措施,对于进一步认识明代社会的变化,会有一定的帮助。
In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, it was an important historical stage in which the feudal relations of production in China declined and the capitalist elements sprouted. The increase of the share of the commodity economy in the entire social economy is a notable sign of this historical stage. In order to adapt to such changes in economic relations, the ruling clique has to adopt a series of new political and economic measures to safeguard and consolidate the feudal rule. In Jiajing and Wanli years, the system of “summoning commercial tenants” was an economic measure adopted by the feudal rulers under the unprecedented active commodity economy. Studying this measure will be of some help for further understanding of the social changes in Ming Dynasty.