Fusarium head blight (FHB),caused by Fusarium graminearum,is one of the economically important diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).Wangshuibai,a wheat landrace from southern China,has stable high resistance to FHB.NAUH117,a Wangshuibai mutant induced by fast-neutron,is proved to be susceptible to FHB due to the lack of the resistance locus Fhb1 located on chromosome arm 3BS.In order to clarify the resistance mechanisms of wheat in response to F.graminearum infection,the transcriptome data obtained from the microarray using the Affymetrix Wheat Genome GeneChip for Wangshuibai and NAUH117 against the F.graminearum infection were compared.