集成核酸提取实时荧光PCR微流控芯片研究

来源 :第八届全国微全分析系统学术会议、第三届全国微纳尺度生物分离分析学术会议暨第五届国际微化学与微系统学术会议 | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:chen_chen1111
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  聚合酶链式反应(Polymerase Chain Reaction,PCR)是体外快速扩增DNA的方法,在基因表达、单核苷酸多态性及其突变分析,临床医学诊断、法医鉴定、检疫检验等领域有着重要应用。微流控PCR不仅节约空间和试剂、热容量小、升降温速率快,而且具有结构微型化和功能集成化等显著优势。集成核酸提取的PCR微流控芯片,将核酸提取、PCR扩增与检测进行整合,可实现核酸检测过程的全自动与全封闭,不仅大大缩短了反应时间,简化了操作步骤,而且可消除目前PCR过程可能存在的交叉污染,达到POCT需求的"样品进-结果出"的目标[1-2]。本文研究了基于硅胶模法[3-4]的芯片上核酸提取方法。采用软光刻法制备了基于SU-8 2150光刻胶的集成核酸提取微流控芯片阳极膜,使用注塑法生成PDMS基片,通过等离子体键合封装成所需的芯片。硅胶模法提取核酸的过程包括裂解、吸附、清洗和洗脱,芯片上集成了预处理腔、提取腔、混合腔、废液腔、反应腔以及储存腔,采用独特的微阀、微泵对微流体进行精确控制和驱动。基于此芯片对人全血中DNA甲基化转移酶DNMT3A基因进行了提取实验,首先使用微泵驱动提取腔中的裂解液通过硅胶模,使DNA吸附在硅胶模上,再驱动清洗液洗去蛋白等杂质,最后将DNA从硅胶模上洗脱下来驱动到PCR反应腔进行扩增。我们利用自主研发的微流控实时荧光PCR分析平台[5]进行了实验验证,通过PCR扩增曲线和融解曲线分析,结果表明两次微流控实时荧光PCR实验均获得成功,实现了芯片上样品核酸的自动提取、扩增与检测。下一步将继续深入研究影响芯片上核酸提取效率的关键因素,优化微流控PCR的各项实验参数,开展定量化实验研究。
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