【摘 要】
：
NH3是大气中二次气溶胶的重要前体物,在大气PM2.5和雾霾形成过程中扮演重要角色.为了解太原市NH3来源及排放情况、制定合理的NH3减排控制对策,利用排放因子法,根据2013年
【机 构】
：
山西大学环境科学研究所山西太原030006山西大学资源与环境工程研究所,国家环境保护煤炭废弃物资源化高效利用技术重点实验室山西太原030006
【出 处】
：
第20届中国大气环境科学与技术大会暨中国环境科学学会大气环境分会2014年学术年会
论文部分内容阅读
NH3是大气中二次气溶胶的重要前体物,在大气PM2.5和雾霾形成过程中扮演重要角色.为了解太原市NH3来源及排放情况、制定合理的NH3减排控制对策,利用排放因子法,根据2013年该市各类氨排放源的活动水平数据,对NH3年排放量进行了估算,并分析其分布特征.结果表明：(1)太原市NH3排放总量约为11445t,其中99.3％来自于人为源排放,0.7％来自自然源排放；(2)在人为NH3排放源中畜禽养殖占34.2％、氮肥施用占18.9％、燃料燃烧占14.1％、工业生产占11.9％、污水和垃圾处理占11.4％、其它占8.8％(见图1)；(3)畜禽源中家禽(肉鸡和蛋鸡)占31.0％,肉猪和产仔猪占28.5％,牛(肉牛和奶牛)占28.2％,羊和兔占10.3％,其它大牲畜占2％(图2)；(3)在太原市下辖的六区、三县、一市中,畜禽NH3排放量约3904t,依贡献值依次为：清徐县(28.7％)＞小店区(16.3％)＞阳曲县(15.2％)＞古交市(10.9％)＞晋源区(9.0％)＞尖草坪区(8.6％)＞娄烦县(5.6％)＞杏花岭区(2.9％)＞万柏林区(1.8％)＞迎泽区(0.9％),反映了不同辖区畜禽养殖量的不同.以上结果说明在人为氨源排放过程中,畜禽养殖的贡献很大,且主要分布在郊区县市中,建议加强对畜禽养殖业的管理,加大畜禽养殖集约化、规模化程度,采取有效措施严格氨气排放.本次NH3排放量估算可以为编制华北地区氨排放清单提供基础数据,并为开展大气PM2.5中二次颗粒的污染治理和减少雾霾产生提供一定的数据支持.
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