A bright green photoluminescence (PL) from 4S3/2→4I15/2 emission band in Er3+:YVO4 single crystal has been observed with the excitation of an argon laser at 488.0 nm under low temperature.Unusually, the PL enhancements only happen at some certain magnetic fields (Bcs), such as 3.2 T, 4.4 T,and 7.7 T, …, respectively, no matter the field is pulsed or steady one, and a decrease of sample temperature will lead to the increase off and decrease of Bc (see Figure 1).More than two orders of PL enhancement has been obtained under the effect of magnetic fields, and the enhancement factor (f)reaches 170 when the applied magnetic field is 7.7 T under the sample temperature of 4.2 K.In addition,the pump-depletion of the excitation laser (488.0 nm) decrease tremendously at all positions of the PL enhancement peaks (see the positions of peaks 1, 2, and 3 in Figure 2).The results confirm that this PL enhancement originates from the resonance excitation of the electron transitions induced by the cross of the laser energy and the absorption energy modulated by both the magnetic field and temperature, and the thermal radiation suppressed by the low temperature.This special PL enhancement in Er3+:YVO4single crystal will be applied in the calibration of pulsed high magnetic field, detection of material fime energy structures, and modulation of magneto-optical devices.