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In the study of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes, the use of simple clinical chemistry indicators or target integration for expressing the overall functional status is difficult.The emerging metabolomic non-discrimination expression of the metabolic spectrum is consistent with the entire concept of TCM syndrome representation.The concept and technology of metabolomics for studying TCM syndromes brings new breakthroughs to their essence.This article reviews the research status of TCMsyndromes in recent years ,and emphatically introduces the essence of TCM syndromes based on the metabolomic approach.The reviewed literature mainly includes metabonomic studies on animal models and clinical patients with TCM syndromes.The in-depth application of metabolomics improves the development of TCM in the medical field.