本文从分析测量过程和测量精确度出发,提出了计量学的基本原则。根据计量学相同性原则,可以正确指导测量器具的校准和使用,并在不改变现有测量条件的情况下进一步提高测量的精确度。文中还具体探讨了在流量测量中应用计量学基本原则的若干问题。 Based on the analysis of measurement process and measurement accuracy, this paper presents the basic principles of metrology. According to the principle of metrological equivalency, it is possible to correctly guide the calibration and use of measuring instruments and further improve the measurement accuracy without changing existing measurement conditions. The paper also discusses some problems in the application of the basic principles of metrology in the flow measurement.