The health security in China has depended on medicinal plants for many centuries.In the past three decades, however, the medicinal plants decreased rapidly from the traditional agroecosystems, especially the rare and endangered species.With the financial support from BGCI, we tried to reintroduce three endangered medicinal plants Magnolia officinalis, Magnolia officinalis var.biloba and Dysosma versipellis (listed in the China Red Data Book) into the traditional agricultural systems in Xinshao County (a poverty county in central Hunan Province, China).