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Transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy(SIMS)were used to investigate the microstructural and chemical evolution in a zirconium alloy processed by high pressure torsion(HPT)under 4 GPa at room temperature.Our results showed that the grain size was reduced by one order of magnitude and no α to ω phase transformation was detected after the HPT processing.A new phenomenon of which the Cr elements diffuse from the second phase particles(SPPs)to the zirconium matrix was confirmed.Further TEM analysis indicated that a large number of dislocations were generated especially in the vicinity of the SPPs.We proposed that the Cr depletion in SPPs might play a key role in preventing the potential α to ω phase transformation.