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土石坝振动台模型试验是认识坝体地震破坏过程和检验抗震措施效果的重要手段之一。针对2种坝体材料,利用小型振动台,开展了一系列不同加载工况、不同加筋方式的土石坝小型振动台模型试验。试验结果表明:①2种坝体材料的初始破坏都首先从坝顶开始,表明坝顶是抗震的关键部位,与已有研究成果基本一致;②相同加载条件下,级配较差的碎石料模型坝的抗震性能优于砂砾石料,表明相对于级配,堆石料自身的性质对土石坝抗震性能的影响更大;③由细铁丝网和纱布组成并在坝坡采取包裹处理的复合加筋的抗震措施,抗震效果优于平铺纱布、平铺纱布且在坝坡包裹处理、平铺细铁丝网等的抗震措施。研究成果可供进一步开展土石坝大型振动台模型试验的材料选择、抗震措施设计等参考。
Earth-rock dam model test of shaking table is one of the important means to recognize the process of earthquake damage in dam body and test the effect of anti-seismic measures. Aiming at the two kinds of dam materials, a series of small-scale shaking table model tests of earth-rock dam with different loading conditions and different reinforcement methods were carried out by using small vibration table. The results show that: (1) The initial failure of the two kinds of dam materials firstly starts from the dam crest, which shows that the dam crest is the key part of seismic resistance, which is basically consistent with the existing research results. (2) Under the same loading conditions, The seismic performance of model dam is better than sand and gravel, which indicates that the nature of rockfill itself has a greater impact on the seismic performance of earth-rockfill dam than the grading; ③The composite reinforcement consisting of fine wire mesh and gauze and wrapped in the dam slope Anti-seismic measures, seismic effect is better than tiled gauze, tiled gauze and wrapped in the dam slope treatment, thin anti-seismic measures such as thin wire mesh. The research results can be used for further material selection, seismic design and other reference for large-scale shaking table test of earth-rock dam.