Objectives: As the first nanoparticular cement introduced into endodontics,BioAggregate is recommended for perforation repair and root-end filling alternative to mineral trioxide aggregate(MTA).The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of BioAggregate on the regulation of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand(RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption,and compare its performance with that of MTA.