Purposes: We have previously reported that Ginsenoside Rb1 may effectively.prevent HUVECs from senescence, however, the detailed mechanism has not demonstrated up to now.Recent studies have shown that sirtuin-1 (Sirt1) plays an important role in the development of endothelial senescence.The purpose of this study was to explore whether Sift1 is involved in the action of Ginsenoside Rb1 regarding protection against H2O2-induced HUVEC Senescence.Methods and Results: Senescence induced by hydrogen peroxide (H202) in human umbilical vain endothelial cells (HUVECs) was examined by analyzing plasminogan activator inhibitor-1 (PAl-1) expression, cell morphology, and senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-b-gal) activity.The results revealed that 42% of control-treated HUVECs were SA-b-gal positive after treatment by 60 mmol/L H2O2, however, this particular effect of H2O2 was decreased more than 2-fold (19%) in the HUVECs when pretreated with Rb1 (20 mmol/L) for 30 min.Additionally,Rb1 decreased eNOS acetylation, as well as promoted more NO production that was accompanied by an increase in Sirt1 expression.Furthermore, upon knocking down Sift1, the effect of Rb1 on HUVEC senescence was blunted.Conclusions: The present study indicated that Ginsenoside Rb1 acts through stimulating Sirt1 in order to protect against endothelial senescence and dysfunction.As such, Sift1 appears to be of particular importance in maintaining endothelial functions and delaying vascular aging.