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目的研究骨吸收抑制剂对卵巢切除大鼠脂类代谢及骨钙素的影响。方法雌性SD大鼠共140只,随机分为5组,每组28只。3月龄时选取其中4组大鼠行双侧卵巢切除建立绝经后骨质疏松症模型(OVX组、OVX+EE2组、OVX+Rlx组、OVX+Aln组),另一组行假手术(Sham组)。OVX组及Sham组皮下注射生理盐水,余下3组分别注射阿仑膦酸钠(Aln)、雷洛昔芬(Rlx)、雌激素(EE2),每周注射5次。分别在卵巢切除术后4周、10周及20周测定大鼠血脂、骨钙素及相关生化指标。结果 OVX组与Sham组相比体重增加,总胆固醇升高,甘油三脂降低,差异有统计学意义。应用雌激素及雷洛昔芬可有效调节卵巢切除导致的脂代谢紊乱,表现为体重下降及总胆固醇水平降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同时期OVX组骨钙素水平高于Sham组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中阿仑膦酸钠组血清骨钙素水平最低。随着时间推移,Sham组及OVX组骨钙素呈现先上升再下降趋势,而OVX+EE2组、OVX+Rlx组及OVX+Aln组骨钙素表现为持续降低。结论骨吸收抑制剂能够降低骨钙素水平,从而降低卵巢切除导致的高骨转换率,防止骨量丢失。此外,雌激素及雷洛昔芬在预防骨丢失的基础上还能够有效调节卵巢切除引起的脂类代谢紊乱。
Objective To study the effect of bone resorption inhibitor on lipid metabolism and osteocalcin in ovariectomized rats. Methods A total of 140 female SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 28). At the age of 3 months, 4 rats were selected for ovariectomy to establish postmenopausal osteoporosis model (OVX group, OVX + EE2 group, OVX + Rlx group, OVX + Aln group), and the other group underwent sham operation Sham group). The rats in OVX group and Sham group were injected with normal saline subcutaneously. The remaining three groups were injected with Aln, Rlx and Estrogen respectively. The serum lipids, osteocalcin and related biochemical indexes were determined at 4, 10 and 20 weeks after ovariectomy. Results Compared with Sham group, the body weight, total cholesterol and triglyceride in OVX group were lower than those in Sham group, the difference was statistically significant. The application of estrogen and raloxifene can effectively regulate the disorder of lipid metabolism caused by ovariectomy, showing the weight loss and the decrease of total cholesterol, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The levels of osteocalcin in OVX group were higher than those in Sham group at different time points (P <0.05). The serum osteocalcin level in alendronate group was the lowest. Over time, osteocalcin in Sham group and OVX group first increased and then decreased, while osteocalcin in OVX + EE2, OVX + Rlx and OVX + Aln groups continued to decline. Conclusions Bone resorption inhibitors reduce osteocalcin levels, thereby reducing the rate of bone turnover caused by ovariectomy and preventing bone loss. In addition, estrogen and raloxifene can effectively prevent the lipid metabolism disorder caused by ovariectomy based on the prevention of bone loss.