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Brain blood vasculature is critical for brain development and function.During embryogenesis and early life,the nervous and vascular systems simultaneously develop and pattern.Whether and how the nervous system regulates brain angiogenesis during development remain largely unknown.Here we reveal that neuronal NMDA receptors(NRs)can regulate brain vascular development via controlling VEGFA release in zebrafish.The genetic downregulation or pharmacological blockade of NRs dramatically decreases brain angiogenesis during 4 - 7 days post-fertilization,meanwhile NR activation increases the angiogenesis.