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Osteoarthritis(OA)is an age-related disease with poorly understood pathogenesis.Recent studies have demonstrated that miRNA might play a key role in the development of OA.We reviewed recent publications in order to investigate the connection between miRNA and anabolic as well as catabolic signals in OA cartilage,including several signaling pathways: TGF-β/Smads signaling and BMP signaling associated with cartilaginous anabolic,MAPK signaling and NF-KB signaling associated with cartilaginous catabolic; three gene family: MMP family, ADAMTS family,and NOS(NitricOxide Synthases)family; and catabolic cytokines: IL-1,TNF-α,NO.Further findings in the molecular biology of miRNA-involved cartilage degeneration will aid the depiction of the molecular network that governs articular cartilage homeostasis and improve our understanding of the role of OA pathogenesis mechanism.