Aim of the study:Firstly to identify Panax genus by SNP sites,and to set up a special molecular identification method of P.ginseng,P.notoginseng,P.quinquefolius and P.japonicus in Pharmacopoeia of China.Materials and methods:Three regions (ITS2,matK and psbA-tmH) were chosen to investigate intraspecific variation by K2P (Kimura-two-parameter) model in medicinal plants of Panax genus from different populations based on DNA barcoding analysis.Total of 167 ITS2 sequences of the four species were analyzed,including 87 samples of P.ginseng,27 of P.quinquefolius,31 of P.notoginseng and 22 of P.japonicus.SNPs in ITS2 region were detected and the phylogenetic tree using maximum parsimony method based on ITS2 sequence was built to identify Panax species with their adulterants.