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The voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channels play an essential role in the etiology of chronic hypoxic pulmonaryarterial hypertension (CH-PAH).Tanshinone ⅡA (TⅡA), a major active component of Salvia miltiorrhizaBunge (S.miltiorrhiza), has many biological protective effects.In the present study, we investigated whether Kv channels were responsible for the protective effect of TⅡA on CH-PAH.In acute hypoxia experiments, the effects of TⅡA (10-5 M) or 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 1mM) on intrapulmonary artery (IPA) rings isolated from healthy rats were measured.And then the IKV currents of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) isolated from healthy rats were determined in the absence or presence of TⅡA (5ug/mlor 25ug/ml) or 4-AP (1mM).In chronic hypoxia experiments, rats were challenged by intermittent hypoxia exposure for 4 weeks with or without TⅡA (10 mg/kg) treatment.