Angiosperms(flowering plants)are the most diverse and species-rich groups of plants,yet the relationships of the five divergent groups of the Mesangiospermae(~99.95%of extant angiosperms)and its evolutionary timeline have been a subject of long debate.Here we infer the angiosperm phylogeny and divergence times of major lineages by analyzing 3577 nuclear genes in 142 species,covering all or most orders of eudicots,monocots,magnoliids,Chloranthaceae and Ceratophyllaceae.