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Background: Studies discovered that the hippocampal subfields are differentially affected by pathological damage,and MR Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters might be more sensitive measures of early degeneration in Alzheimers disease(AD) than conventional MRI imaging techniques.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the significance of the volume of hippocampal subfields and the mean diffusivity (MD) value of hippocampus in discrimination between mild AD and normal agings.Methods: 29 cases of mild AD and 30 normal agings were scanned.Binary logistic regression analysis was applied to assess the diagnostic significance of the volumes of hippocampal subfields,and the MD value of hippocampus.Results: All hippocampal subfields except right tail atrophied significantly in the mild AD group (P < 0.05).The relative volumes of right CA1 and subiculum subfields entered the binary logistic regression model.The accuracy is 91.8%,which is improved to 93.9% as the MD value of right hippocampus entered the model.Conclusion: Almost all hippocampal subfields present atrophy at mild AD stage.The volume of CA1 and subiculum are of the most diagnostic significance in discrimination of mild AD,which can be improved by the combination of volume and diffusivity analysis.