Detecting Rare andWeak spikes in large covariance matrices

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  Given p-dimensional Gaussian vectors Xi iid~N(0,Σ),1≤ i ≤ n,where p ≥ n,we are interested in testing a null hypothesis where Σ = Ip against an alternative hypothesis where all eigenvalues of are 1,except for r of them are larger than 1(i.e.,spiked eigenvalues).
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