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Mutations in human Comparative Gene Identification-58 (CGI-58, also known as Abhd5) gene cause a neutral lipid storage disease characterized by intracellular accumulation of lipid droplets in most cells except fat.In vitro studies have shown that CGI-58 activates the activity of Adipose Triglyceride Lipase (ATGL) to promote the breakdown of cytosolic lipid droplets.However, CGI-58 clearly has ATGL-independent functions that are currently unknown.